Our stomach has a brain

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We elaborate on how gut microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) may lead to dysfunction of host machineries,

thereby contributing to pathogenesis and/or

progression toward a broad spectrum of diseases.

Some of the most notable diseases namely

Clostridium difficile infection

(infectious disease),

inflammatory bowel disease

(intestinal immune-mediated disease),

celiac disease

(multisystemic autoimmune disorder),

obesity (metabolic disease),

colorectal cancer,

and autism spectrum disorder

(neuropsychiatric disorder)

have been discussed and

delineated along with recent findings.

Novel therapies derived from

microbiome studies such as

fecal microbiota transplantation,

probiotic and prebiotics to target associated diseases

have been reviewed to introduce the idea of how certain disease symptoms can be ameliorated through dysbiosis correction, thus revealing a new scientific approach toward disease treatment.